Refrigeration



y 1932- c. G. MUNTERS 1,859,455

REFRI GERATION Filed Sept. 5, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet l 4; ATTBRNEY y 1932-c. G. MUNTERS 1,859,455

REFRIGERATION Filed Sept. 5, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lgNTgR A ATTdRNEY May24, c G T S 1,859,455

REFRIGERATION Filed Sept. 5, 1951 3 Sheets Sheet 5 gd/llggm 4'5.-ATTORNEY Patented May '24, 1932 CARL GEORG MUN'IERS, or STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN, AssIGNoR To PLATEN-MUNTERS REFRIGERATING SYSTEM AKTIEBOLAG, OFSTOGKHOIM, SWEDEN,

OF SWEDEN REFRIGERATION Application filed September 5, 1931, Serial No.561,388, and in Germany August 13, 1930.

My invention relates to the art of refrigeration and particularly torefrigerating apparatus of the absorption type and more particularly toapparatus of this type in which an inert gas is circulated between andthrough the evaporator and absorber.

In this type of apparatus absorption liquid is circulated between andthrough the generator and the absorber. One of the objects of myinvention is to provide an improved means for causing circulationofabsorption liquid by an apparatus in which there are no moving parts.

Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdescription read in connection with the accompanying drawings whichforma part of this specification and on which:

Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic cross-sectional view of anapparatus embodying my invention;

. Fi g. 2 is a more or less diagrammatic cross sectional view of anapparatus embodying a modification of my invention; and

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the apparatus shown inFig. 2 but showing different liquid levels.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1, reference character designates aheated Vessel or generator. Generator 10 comprises an upper chamber 11and a lower chamber 12 centrally through both of which extends a flue13. Flue 13 may be heated in any desired manner. as by the gas burner14. (hamber 11 is in connnunication with chamber 12 through conduits 15and 16. Conduit 15 communicates with the lower part of chamber ll andextends downwardly within conduit 16 to near ,the bottom of the latterconduit which is located some distance below the bottom of chamber 12.The upper end of conduit 16 opens into the upper part of chamber 12.

A conduit 17 communicates with the up per part of chamber 11 and with aconduit 35' which is in turn connected to one end of a condenser conduitlb.- Condenser conduit 18 is in heat e:-:change relationship withacooling water conduit ii). The other end of conduit 1S communicateswith a rectifier cham ber 20 which is arranged around a portion ofconduit 35. Anaperture 44 in conduit 35 within chamber 20 establishescommunication between the upper part of the chamber and the interior ofthe conduit. A conduit 21 communicates with rectifier chamber 20 andwith the upper part of an evaporator 22.

Evaporator 22 comprises a substantially cylindrical member within whichis positioned a series of trays 23 provided with apertures 24 surroundedby raised rims 25. A conduit 26 communicates with the bottom ofevaporator 22 and leadsto the lower part of anabsorber 27. Absorber 27is provlded with a series of trays 28 which ma be similar to trays 23contained within t e evapo-. rator. A portion of pooling water'conduit19 is placed in heat exchange relation with the absorber. A conduit 29'connects the upper part of absorber 27 with the upper part of theevaporator. Conduits 26 and 29 may be placed in heat exchangerelationship with each other in known manner.

A conduit 30 connects the lower part of the absorber with chamber 11 ingenerator 10. A conduit 31 communicates with chamber 12 of the generatorand leads to the upper part of absorber 27 Conduits 30 and 31 arepreferably arranged in heat exchange relation, as is shown at 3 2.

A U-shaped conduit 33 is arranged with a, short leg 34 extendingupwardly within chamber 12 of the generator. The longer leg 35 comprisesa riser conduit and extends upwardly and communicates with conduit 17leading from thegenerator to the condenser at a point above the top ofthe generator. Communicating with chamber 12 at a point at the samelevelor above the point of communication of conduit 31 is'a cyclecontrol conduit member 36. Conduit member 36 comprises three verticallegs 37, 38 and 39 connected together by return bends 40 and 41. Leg 38is somewhat longer than leg 37 while leg 39 is still longer andcommunicates A CORPORATION with conduit 35 at a point above the top ofchamber 12. Conduit member 36 also comcomparatively large bore, whichcommunicates with the top of return bend 40 and a conduit 43 ofcomparatively small or capillary bore, which connects the upper part ofconduit 42 witha point in chamber 12 above the oint' of communicationtherewith of leg r This embodiment of my invention operatessubstantially as follows Within chambers 11 and 12 of generator 10 thereis contained a solution comprising a refrigerant absorbed in'anabsorption liquid. Any suitable mediums may be used but for the purposeof this description it will be assumed that the refrigerant is ammoniaand the absorption liquid is water. The application of heat tochamber 11causes the ammonia to leave the solution in the form of a gas whichpasses upwardly through conduits 17 and to condenser conduit 18 whereits temperature is reduced sufliciently to cause its liquefaction. Theliquid ammonia passes from conduit 18 to rectifier chamber 20 where itis in heat exchange relation with the vaporous ammonia passing throughconduit 35. This exchange of heat results in the condensation ofsubstantially all of the water vapor mixed with the ammonia gas, whichcondensed' water passes back through conduits 35 and 17 to thegenerator. The heat thus absorbed by the liquid ammonia within chamber20causes the vaporization of some of this liquid, which vapor passesthrough aperture 44 into conduit 35.

l Liquid refrigerant flows from chamber-20 through conduit 21 to theupper part of evaporator 22 where it comes in intimate contact with aninert gas, for instance hydrogen,

which is introduced into the evaporator through conduit-29. The liquidrefrigerant evaporates in the presence of the hydrogen and thus producesrefrigeration. The gaseous mixture of ammonia and hydrogen passesdownwardly through the evaporator and through conduit 26 to absorber 27.In the absorber the mixture is brought in intimate contact with weakabsorption liquid intro duced into the top of the absorber throughconduit 31. The weak absorption liquid absorbs the ammonia from thegaseous mixture, leaving the hydrogen whichpas'ses from the top of theabsorber through conduit 29 back previously ex lained, and the weakenedsolution passes ere'from through conduits 15 and 16 to wlthln chamber12. Chamber; 12

also receives heat from burner 14 and further ammonia vapor is theredriven out of solution. This ammonia vapor passes through conduit member36, comprising conduits 43 and 42 and legs 38 and 39, to riser conduit35. From here the vaporous ammonia passes to conduit 35 and thence tocondenser 18.

The liquid passing into chamber 12 through conduits 15 and 16 raises thelevel of the liquid contained in chamber 12 until the lower end ofconduit 43 is reached. Liquid is thereupon forced upwardly into conduit43 and thus the further passage of vapor through this conduit isprevented. The vapor now driven off from the solution is hence trappedin the upper part of chamber I 12 with the result that the liquid levelof this chamber is depressed. Although the lower end of conduit43 is nowabove the level of the liquid, vapor will not pass through this conduitdue to the fact that the bore thereof is sufliciently small to preventthe vapor from passing by the liquid contained in the c0niduit and thehead exerted by the liquid in conduit 43 is sufficient to prevent itfrom being forced out into conduit 42. The liquid forced out of chamber12 passes into conduits. 31 and 33. The increased pressure existing inthe chamber 12 also depresses the level of the liquid contained inconduit 16. The lower end of conduit 15 mustbe sufiiciently farbelow thelevel of the liquid in chamber 11 so that the liquid in conduit 16 willnot be forced below the end of conduit 15. When the liquid rises in theleg 35 of conduit 33 to the point where conduit member 36 communicatestherewith, liquid will flow into leg 39 and fill leg 38 to the level ofthe liquid within chamber 12. Further generation of vapor in chamber 12forces liquid upwardly in conduits 31 and 33 until liquid passes out ofthe end of conduit 31 within the upper part of absorber 27. The heightof the liquid the liquid in chamber 12 to the level at which return bend41.

contained in conduit 35, thus equalizing the pressure throughout thesystem. Thereupon absorption liquid may flow by gravity from chamber 11through conduits 15 and 16 to chamber 12'and the cycle is repeated. p

The purpose of conduits 42 and 43 connecting return bend 40 with thechamber 12 is to chamber 12 *w1thin generator 10. In place of conduitsand 16, shown in Fig. 1, a conduit 45 communicates with the lower partof chamber 11 and extends downwardly and thence upwardly andcommunicates with an intermediate vessel 46. The point of communicationof conduit 45 with vessel 46 is below the point of communication ofconduit 30 with chamber 11. A conduit 47 communicates with the bottom ofchamber 46 and extends downwardly and thence upwardly to communicatewith the upper part of chamber '12. The point of communication ofconduit 47 with chamber 11 is below the bottom of intermediate vessel46. I A conduit 48 communicates with conduit 17 at a point above the topof the generator and extends downwardly and within chamber 46 where itterminates at a point below the point of communication of conduit 45with chamber 46.

Condenser 18, evaporator 22, conduit and conduit member 36 are the samein this figure as have been shown and described in connection with Fig.1.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a portion-of the same apparatus as is shown inFig. 2, but with the liquid levels in a different position. a Theoperation of the device shown in Figs. 2 and 3 is substantially asfollows: 1

Strong absorption liquid flows from abthrough conduit 30. In chamber 11-the application of heat drives refrigerant from solution in the form ofa vapor, which vapor passes through conduit 17. A somewhat weakenedabsorption solution passes. from"':-.

the lower part of chamber 11 through" conduit 45 to chamber 46, fromwhere it flows through conduit 47 to within chamber12.

When the liquid level in chamber 12 rises sufiiciently to submerge thelower end of conduit 43. as is shown in Fig. 2, passage of vapor fromchamber 12 through conduit member 36 to conduit 35 is prevented. Thevapor thereafter formed in chamber 12 forces liquid out of the chamberinto riser conduit 35 and conduit 31. Liquid is forced down in the lefthand branch of conduit 47 and hence causes the level in vessel 46 torise until the lower end of conduit 48 is submerged and further liquidforced into vessel 46 i 's forced sorber 27 to chamber 11 of thegenerator upwardly into conduit 48 because the vapor now trapped inVessel 46 is compressed sufliciently above the pressure obtaining inchamber 11 to sustain a column of liquid in conduit 48. At the sametime'the pressure of this vapor causes the liquid contained in the righthand leg of conduit45 to beforced downwardly therein. The liquid levelsnow existing are shown in Fig. 3. The column of l quid available forbalancing the pressure difference created in chamber 12 is a columnmeasured from the liquid surface in conduit 48 to the liquid surface inthe left hand leg of conduit 47 This corresponds to the column shown inFig. 1 which is measured from the liquid surface in chamber 11 to thesurface of the liquid in conduit 16. This column is substantially equalto the column in riser conduit35 measured from the liquid surface inchamber 12 to the surface in conduit 35 and is determined by thevertical distance from the liquid surfacein chamber 12 to the level atwhich conduit 31 discharges into absorber 27. The advantage of thearrangement shown in Fig. 2 over that shown in Fig. 1 is that it is notnecessary to extend the conduits a substantial distance below the lowerend of the generator in order to allow for the creation of the necessaryliquid column, and hence the over-all height of the apparatus ismaterially reduced.

A portion of the liquid forced out of chamber 12 passes through conduit31 and is discharged into the upper part of absorber 27. When the liquidlevel within chamber 12 has been forced down to the level of return bend41, vapor forces the liquid contained in leg 39 of conduit 36 intoconduit 35 and the pressure throughout the apparatus is equal zed, asdescribed in connection with Fig. 1. Thereafter. liquid may flow throughconduit 45, vessel 46 and conduit 47 to chamber 12 until the leveltherein is raised sufficiently to submerge the lower .end of conduit 42.Conduits 45 and 47 are wholly beneath the level of the liquid in upperchamber 11 and hence gravity flow of liquid from chamber 11 to chamber12 may take place through these conduits.

It will therefore be seen that I have provided an apparatus wherein acirculation of absorption liquid between and through the generator andab orber is effected by pressure differences ntermittently built up andequalized. It will further be apparent that no moving parts either inthe form of pumps or valves are required.

While I have shown and described two more or less specific embodimentsof my invention, it is to be understood that they are for the purpose ofillustration only and that the scope of my invention I s not to belimited thereby, but only by the appended claims considered in thelightof the prior art.

ducing flow of liquid therebetween in periodic V ,sel at a point betweensaid What I claim is:

1. In refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel, a cooled vessel andmeans for producing flow of liquid therebetween in periodic cyclesincluding a riser conduit communicating with the heated vessel andextending upwardly above the heated vessel, and a cycle control conduitmember communicating with the heated vessel at a given level and withsaid riser conduit at ahigher level, said conduit member comprising aplurality of vertical legs connected in series by upper and lower,return bends and a conduit connecting an upper return bend with saidheated vessel.

2. In a refrigerating. apparatus, a heated vessel, a cooled vessel andmeans for producing flow of liquid therebetween in periodic cyclesincluding a riser conduit communicating with the heated vessel andextending upwardlyabove the heated vessel, and a cycle control conduitmember communicating with the heated vessel at a given level and withsaid riser conduit at a higher level,.,said conduit member comprising aplurality of vertical legs connected in series by up er and lower returnbends and a vconduit connecting an upper return bend with said heatedvessel, the last mentioned conduit communicating with the heated vesselat a point above said given level.

3. In refrigerating apparatus,a heated vessel, a cooled vess'eland'means for producing .flow of liquid therebetween in periodic cyclesincluding ariser conduit communicating with the heated vessel andextending upwardly above the heated vessel, and a cycle control conduitmember communicating with the heated vessel at a given level and withsaid riser conduit at a higher level, said conduit member comprising aplurality of vertical legs connected in series by upper and lower returnbends and a conduit connecting an upper return bend. with said heatedvessel, the last mentioned conduit extending upwardly from said returnbend to a point above said higher" level and thence downwardly tocommunicate with said heated vesgiven leveland said higher level.

4. In refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel, a cooled vessel andmeans for procycles including a riser conduit communicatmg with theheated vessel and extending upwardly above the heated vessel, and acycle control conduit member communicating with the heated vessel'at agiven level and with said riser conduit at a higher level; said conduitmember comprising a plurality of-ver; tlcal legs connected inseries'bvupper and lowerreturn bends and'a conduit connecting an upperreturn bend with said heated vessel, the last mentioned conduitextending upwardly-from said return bend to a point above saidhigherlevel and thencev downwardly to communicate with said heated ves-I sel at a point between said given level and said higher level, theupwardly extending portion of said last mentioned conduit being ofcomparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portion being ofcomparatively small bore.

5. In refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel, a cooled vessel andmeans for producing fiow' of liquid therebetween in periodic cyclesincluding a riser conduit communicating with the heated vessel andextending upwardly above the heated vessel, and a cycle control conduitmember communicating with the heated vessel at a given level and withsaid riser conduit at a higher level, said conduit member comprising aplurality of vertical legs connected in series by upper and lower returnbends and a conduit connecting an upper return bend with said heatedvessel, the

large boreand the'downwardly extending portion having a capillary bore.6. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for producingflow of liquid between said vessels in periodic cycles including a riserconduit communicatlng with said lower chamber and extending upwardlyabove said upper cham-Z ber, a cycle control conduit membercommunicating with saidlower chamber at a given level and with saidriserconduit at a higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality ofvertical legs connected in series 'by upper and lower return bends and-aconduit connecting an upper return bend with said v lower chamber, aconduit connecting said lower chamber with the upper part of said cooledvessel, a conduit connecting the. lowerpart of said cooled vessel withsaid upper chamber and a conduit connecting said upper chamber with saidlower chamber, the last mentioned conduit having. a portion below saidlower chamber.

7. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated pvessel comprisingan upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means'for producingflow of liquidbetween said vessels in periodic cycles including a' riserconduit communicating with saidlower chamber and extending upwardlyabove said upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicatingwith' said lower chamber at a given level and with saidriser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and" lower return bendsand a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit communicating with said lower chamber at a-point abovesaid given level, a conduit connecting said lower chambenwith the upperpart of saidcooled vessel, a conduit connecting the lower part of saidcooled vesselwithsaid upper chamber, and a conduit connecting said upperchamber with said lower chamber, and having a portion below saidlowerchamber.

8. Ina refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for producingflow of liquid between said'vessels in periodic cycles including a riserconduit communicating ,with said lower chamber and extending upwardlyabove said upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicatingwith said lower, chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected lower chamber and having a portion below in series byupper andlower return bends and a conduit connecting an upper returnbend with said lower chamber, the last mentioned conduit extendingupwardly from said return bend to a point above said higher level andthence downwardly to communicate with said heated vessel at a pointbetween said given level and said higher level, a; conduit connectingsaid lower chamber with the upper part of said cooled vessel, a conduitconnecting the lower part of said cooled vessel with said upper chamberand a conduit connecting said upper chamber with said said lowerchamber.

9. In a refrigerating apparatus, heated vessel comprislng an upperchamber and a.

lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for producing flow of 11qu1dbetween sa d Vessels in periodic cycles including a riser conduitcommunicating with said lower chamber and extending upwardly above saidupper chamber, acycle control conduit member communicating with saidlower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higherlevel, said conduit member comprising a plurality of vertical legsconnected in v series by upper and lower return bends and aconduit/connecting anupper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly-from said re-v turn bend to a pointabove said higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidheated vessel at a point between said given level and said higher level,the up wardly extending portion ofsaid last mentioned conduit being ofcomparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portion being ofcomparatively small bore, a conduit connecting"- said .lower chamberwith thevupper part of said cooledvessel. a conduit connecting the lowerpart ofv said cooled vessel with said upper chamber and a conduitconnecting said upper chamber with said lower chamber and. having aportion below said lower chamber. Q

10. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for a point abovesaid higher level and thence producing flow of liquid between saidvessel's downwardly'to communicate with said heated vessel at a pointbetween said given level and said higher level, the upwardly extend-1ing portion-of said last mentioned conduit being of comparatively largebore and the downwardly extending portion having a capillary bore, aconduit connecting said lower chamber with the upperpart of said cooledvessel, a conduit connecting the lower part of said cooled vessel withsaid upper chamber and a conduit connecting said upper chamber with saidlower chamber and having a portion below said lower chamber.

11. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for I producingflow of liquid between said vessels in periodic cycles including a riserconduit communicating withsaid lower chamber andextending upwardly abovesaid upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicating withsaid lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at ahigher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, a conduitconnecting said lower chamber with the upper part of said cooled vessel,a conduit connecting the lower part of said cooled vessel with saidupper chamber and means for .conveying liquid from said upper chamber tosaid lower chamber comprising an intermediate vessel, a conduitextending downwardly from said upper chamber and upwardly to saidintermediate vessel, a'conduit extending downwardly from saidintermediate vessel and upwardly to said lower chamber, and a conduit.extending from within said intermediate vessel upwardly andcommunicating with the-upper part of said upper chamber.

' 12. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means for bend to apoint above said higher level and producing flow, of liquid between saidvessels in periodic cycles including a riser conduit communicating withsaid lower chamber and extending upwardly above said upper cham-. ber, acycle control conduit member communiconnecting an upper return bend withsaid lower chamber, the last mentioned conduit communicating with saidlower chamber at apolnt above sald glven level, a condult connectingsaid lower chamber with the upper part of said cooled vessel, a conduitconnecting the lower part of said cooled vessel with said upper chamber,and means for conveying liquid from said upper chamber to said lowerchamber comprising an intermediate vessel, a conduit extendin downwardlyfrom said upper chamber an upwardly to said intermediate vessel, aconduit extending downwardly from said intermediate vessel and 'upwardlyto said lower chamber, and a conduit extending .from within saidintermediate vessel upwardly and communicating with the upper part. ofsaid upper chamber. r

13. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lower chamber, a cooled vessel and means'for producingflow of liquid between said vessels in periodic cycles including a riserconduitcommunicating with said lower chamber and extending upwardlyabove said upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicatingwith said lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit-member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connectedin series by upper and lower return bends and a con- .duitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly from said'return thence downwardly.to communicate with said heated vessel at a point between said givenlevel ahd said higher level, a conduit connecting saidlower chamber withthe upper part-of said cooled vessel, a conduit connecting. the lowerpart of saidcooled vessel with said upper chamber andmeans for conveyingliquid'from said upper. chamber to said I .lower chamber comprising anintermediate vessel, a conduit extending downwardly from said upperchamber and upwardly to said intermediate vessel, a conduit extendingdownwardly from said lintermediate vessel and upwardly to said lowerchamber, anda conduit extending from within said intermediate vesselupwardly and communicating v with the upper part of said upper chamber.

, 14. In a refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber, and a upper chamber.

lower chamber, a cooled vessel and meansfor producing flow of liquidbetween said vessels in periodic cycles including a riser conduitcommunicating with said lower chamber and extending upwardly above saidupper chamber, a cycle cQntrol conduit member communicating with saidlower chamber'at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higherlevel, said conduit member comprising a plurality of vertical legsconnected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly from said return bend to apointabove said-higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidheated said intermediate vessel and upwardly to said within saidintermediate vessel upwardly and communicating with the upper part of.said

15; Ina refrigerating apparatus, a heated vessel comprising an upperchamber and a lowerchamber, a cooled vessel and means for producing flowof liquid between said vessels in periodic cycles including a riserconduit communicating with said lower chamberand extending upwardlyabove said upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicatingwith said lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending; upwardly from said'return bend to a pointabove said higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidheated.

vesseliat a point between said given level and said higher levelytheupwardly extending portion of said last mentioned conduit being ofcomparatively"'large bore and the downwardly extending portion having acapillary bore, a conduit connecting said lower chamber with the upperpart of said cooled vessel, a conduit connecting the lower part of saidcooled vessel with said upper chamber and meansffor conveying liquidfrom said upper chamber to said lower chamber com-.

prising an intermediate vessel, a conduit extending downwardly from saidupper cham-' and an absorber, and connections forming a c1rcu1t for flowof absorptlon l1qu1d between the generator and the absorber comprising ariser conduit communicating with the generator and extending upwardlyabove the generator, and a tubular flow control member communicatingwith the generator at a given level and communicating with said riserconduit at a higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality ofvertical legs connected in series by upper and lower return bends anda'conduit connecting an upper re" turn bend with said generator. 4

17; Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator,.a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, and connections forming a tor and an absorber, and.connectionsforming a circuit for flow of absorption'liquid bee circuit for flow ofabsorption liquid between ihe generator and the absorber comprising ariser conduit communicating with the generator and extending upwardlyabove the generator, and a tubular flow control member, communicatingWlth'tl'lQ generator at agiven level and communicating with said riserconduit at a higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality ofvertical legs connected in series by upper and lower return bends and aconduit connecting an upper return bend with said generator, the lastmentioned conduit communicating with the gen-'- erator at a point abovesaid given level.

a 18. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having arefrigerant circuit in cluding a generator, a condenser, an evaporatweenthe generator'and the absorber comprising a riser conduit communicatingwith the generator and extending upwardly above the generator, and atubular flow control member communicating with the generator at a givenlevel and communicating with said riser conduit at a higher level, saidconduit member ;comprising a plurality of vertical legs connectedin'series by upper and lower return bends and a conduit connecting anupper return bend with said generator, the last mentioned conduitextending upwardly from said return bend to a pointabove saidhigherlevel and thence downwardly to communicate with said-generatorat a pointbetween said given level and said higher level.

19. Refrigerating apparatus of the ab the generator and the absorbercomprising a sorption type having a refrigerant circuit including agenerator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber, and connectionsforming a circuit for flow of absorption'liquidbetween 0 l riser conduitcommunicating with the generator and extedding upwardly above thegenerator, and a tubular flow control member communicating with thegenerator at a given level and communicating with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said generator, the last mentionedconduit extending upwardly from said return bend to a point above saidhigher level and thence downwardly to communicate with said generator ata point between said given level and said higher level, the upwardlyextending portion of said last mentioned conduit being of comparativelylarge bore and the downwardly extending portion being of comparativelysmall bore.

20. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator,,a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, and connections forming a circuit for flow of absorptionliquid between thegenerator and the absorber comprising a 95 riserconduit communicating with the generator and extending upwardly abovethe generator, and a tubular flow control member communicating with thegenerator at a given level and communicating with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member "comprising a plurality ofvertical'legs connected in. series byupper and lowerreturn bends and aconduit connecting an upper return bend with said generator, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly from said return bend to a pointabove said higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidgenerator at a point between said given level and said higher level,the'upwardly ex- 119 tending portion of said'last mentioned conduitbeing of comparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portionhaving a capillary bore.

21. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamberand connections forming a circuit for flow of absorption liquid betweenthe generator and the absorber comprising a riser conduit communicatingwith the said lower chamber and extending upwardly above said upperchamber, a cycle control conduit member communicating with said lowerchamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higher level,said conduit member comprising a plurality of vertical le s connected inseries by upper and lower re urn bends and a conduit connecting an upperreturn bend with said lower chamber, anda conduit connecting said upperchamber with said lower chamber and having a portion below said lowerchamber.

22. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and'a lower chamberand connections forming a circuit for flowof abrality of vertical legsconnected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit communicating with said lower chamber at a point abovesaid given level, and a, conduit connecting said upper chamber with saidlower chamber and having a portion below said lower chamber.

23. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamberand connections forming a circuit for flow of absorption liquid betweenthe generator andthe absorber comprising a riser conduit communicatingwith the sa1d lower chamber and ex-' tending upwardly above said upperchamber, acycle control'conduit member communicating with said lowerchamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higher level,said conduit member comprising a plurality of vertical legs connected inseries by upper and lower return bends and a conduit connecting an upperreturn bend with said lower chamber, the last mentioned conduitextending upwardly from said return bend to a point above said higherlevel and thence downwardly to communicate with said lower chamber atapoint between saidgiven level and said higher level, and a conduitconnecting said upper chamber with said lower chamber and having aportion below said lower chamber;

24. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit includ:

ing a generator, a? condenser, an evaporator and an absorber, saidgenerator comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamber andconnections forining'a circuit for flow of absorption liquid between thegenerator and the absorber comprising a riser conduitcommunn cating withthe said lower chamber and extending upwardly above said upper chamber,

a-cycle control conduit member commun'icating with said lower chamberata given level bore, and a conduit connecting said upper and with saidriser conduit at a higher. level, said conduit member comprising aplurality of vertical legs connected in series by upper and lower returnbends and a conduit connecting an upper return bend with said lowerchamber, the last mentioned conduit extending upwardly from said returnbend to a point above said higher level and thence downwardly tocommunicate with said lower chamber at a point between said given leveland said higher level, the upwardly extending portion of said lastmentioned conduit being of comparatively large bore and the downwardlyextending portion being of comparatively small bore, and a conduitconnecting said upper chamber with said lower chamber I23nd having aportion below said lower cham- 25. Refrigerating apparatus of theabsorption type having a refrigerant circuit including a generator, acondenser, an evaporator and an absorber, said generator comprising anupper chamber and a lower chamber and Y connections forming a circuitfor flow of ab- 4 l sorption liquid between the generator and theabsorber comprising a riserconduit commumcatmg with the said lowerchamber and extending upwardly above said upper cham-.

ber, a cycle control conduit member communicating with said lowerchamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higher level,said conduitinember comprising a plu- I rality of vertical legsconnected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly from said return bend toa pointabove said higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidlower chamber at a point between said given level and said higher level,the upwardly extending portion of said last mentioned conduit being ofcomparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portion having acapillary chamber with said lower chamber and having a portion belowsaid lower. chamber.

26. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, acondenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, sa1d generator comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamberand connections forming a circuit forv flow of absorption liquid betweenthe generator andthe absorber comprising a riser conduit ,communicatingwith the said lower chamber and extending upwardly above said uppercham-- her, a cycle control conduit 'memberhco m-l municating, with saidlower chamber at a. given level and with said riser conduit at a higherlevel, said conduit member comprising I a plurality of vertical legsconnected in series by upper and lower return bends-and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with p said lower chamber,.and means forconveying liquid from said upper chamber to said lower chambercomprising an intermediate vessel,

7 a conduit extending downwardly from said upper chamber-and-upwardly tosaid intermediate vessel, a conduit extending downwardly from saidintermediate vessel and upwardly to said lower chamber, and a conduitextending from within said intermediate vessel upwardly andcommunicating with the upper part of said upper chamber.

27. Refrigerating apparatus of the absorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and a lower chamberand connections formlng a clrcuit for flow of absorption liquid betweenthe generator and the absorber comprising a riser conduit communicatingwith the said lower chamber and extending upwardly above said uppercham- T' ber, a cycle control conduit member communicating with saidlower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at a higherlevel, said conduit member comprising a plurality of vertical legsconnected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit communicating with" said lower chamber at a pointabove said given level,

and means for conveying'liquid from said upper chamber to said lowerchamber comprising an intermediate vessel, a conduit extendingdownwardly from said upper 0113,111

ber and. upwardly to said intermediate Vessel,

a conduit extending downwardly from said intermediate vessel andupwardly to said lower chamber, and a conduit extending from within saidintermediate vessel upwardly and communicating with the upper part ofsaid u per chamber; a

28. efrigerating apparatus of the ab-- sorption type having arefrigerant circuit 4 including a generator, a condenser, an evaporatorand an absorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and a lowercham- -b'er and connections forming a" circuit for flow of absorptionliquid between the generator and the absorber comprising a riser conduitcommunicatin with the said lower chamber and extendlng upwardly abovesaid upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicating withsaid lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at ahigher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by' upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower :chamber,

the last mentioned conduit extending upwardly from said return bend to a5' 'point above said higher level and thence downwardly to communicatewith said lower chamber at a point between said 'venlevel and saidhigher level, and'means or conveyingliquid from said upper chamber tosaid lower chamber comprising 'an intermediate vessel, a conduitextending downwardly from said upper chamber and upwardly tosaidintermediate vessel, a conduit extending downwardly from saidintermediate vessel and upwardly to said lower chamber, and a conduitextending from within said intermediate vessel upwardly andcommunicating with the upper part of said upper chamber. 29.Refrigerating apparatus of the "ab- I sorption type having a refrigerantcircuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and anabsorber, said generator comprising an upper chamber and a lowerchamber, and connections forming a circuit for flow of absorption liquidbetween the generator and the absorber comprising a riser conduitcommunicating with the said lower chamber and extending upwardly abovesaid upper chamber, a cycle control conduit member communicating withsaid lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit at ahigher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and lower'return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit extending upwardly from said return bend to a pointabove said higher level and thence downwardly to communicate with saidlower chamber at a point between said given level .and said higherlevel, the upwardly extending portion of said last mentioned conduit 0being of comparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portionbeing of comcommunicating with the upper part of said upper chamber.

' 30. Refrigerating apparatus of the ab- 1 5 sorption type having arefrigerant circuit including a generator, a condenser, an evaporatorand an absorber, said generator'com-= prising an upper'chamber and alower chamber and connections forming a circuit for flow of absorptionliquid between the generator and the absorber comprising a riser conduitcommunicating with the said lower chamber and extending upwardly abovesaid upper chamber, a cycle control conduit mem- 5 ber communicatingwith said lower chamber at a given level and with said riser conduit ata higher level, said conduit member comprising a plurality of verticallegs connected in series by upper and lower return bends and a conduitconnecting an upper. return bend with said lower chamber, the lastmentioned conduit. extending upwardly from said re- .tioned conduitbeing of comparatively large bore and the downwardly extending portionhaving a capillary bore, and means for conveying liquid from said upperchamber to during periods of pressure equalization and said lowerchamber comprising an intermediate vessel, a conduit extendingdownwardly from said upper chamber and upwardly to said intermediatevessel, a conduit extending downwardly from said intermediate vessel andupwardly to said lower chamber, and a conduit extending from within saidintermediate vessel upwardly and communicating with the upper part ofsaid upper chamber.

31. In a refrigerating apparatus, an upper chamber, a lower chamber,-means for periodically producing a'higher pressure in said lower chamberthan in said upper chamber, and means for conducting liquid by gravityflow from said upper chamber to said lower chamber during periods ofpressure equalization and for periodically forming a column of liquidextending above said upper chamber to balance the higher pressureperiodically produced in said lower chamber, said last mentioned meanscomprising a first conduit extending from said upper chamber to saidlower chamber and asecond conduit communicating with an intermediatepoint in said first conduit and extending above said upper chamber.

32. In a refrigerating apparatus, an upper chamber for containing a bodyof liquid, a lower chamber, means for periodically producing a higherpressure in said lower chamber than in said upper chamber, and means forconducting liquid by gravity flow from said upper chamber to said lowerchamber during-periods of pressure equalization and for periodicallyforming a column of liquid extending above the level of the liquid insaid upper chamber to balance the higher pressure periodically producedin said lower chamber,

said last mentioned means comprising a first conduit extending frombelow the liquid level in said upper chamber to said lower chamber and asecond conduit communicating with an intermediate point in said firstconduit and extending above the'level of the liquid in said upperchamber.

.33. In'a refrigerating apparatus, an upper chamber for containing abody of liquid, a lower chamber, means for periodically producing ahigher pressure in said lower cham v ber than in said upper chamber, andmeans avity flow from for conducting liquid by sald upper chamber tosaid lower chamber for periodically forming a column of liquid Iextending above the level of the liquid in said upper chamber to balancethe higher pressure periodically produced in said lower chamber, saidlast mentioned means comprising a first conduit extending from below theliquid level in said upper chamber to said lower chamber and a secondconduit communicating with an intermediate point in said first conduitand communicating with said upper chamber above the level of the liquidcontained therein.

for periodically forming a column of liquid extending above the level ofthe liquid in said upper chamber to balance the higherpressureperiodically produced in said lower chamber, said last mentioned meanscomprising an intermediate vessel, a conduit communicating with saidupper chamber and extending downwardly and thence upwardly tocommunicate with said intermediate vessel,.

a conduit communicating with said intermediate chamber and extendingdownwardly and thence upwardly to communicate with said lowerchambeigand a conduit communicating with said intermediate vessel andextending upwardly to a point above the level of the liquid in saidupper chamber.

35. In a refrigerating apparatus, an upper chamber for containing a bodyof liquid, a lower chamber, means for periodically producinga higherpressure in saidlower chamber than in said upper chamber, and means forconducting liquid by gravity flow from said'upper chamber to said lowerchamber during periods of pressure equalization and forperiodically'forming a column of liquid extending above the level of theliquid in said upper chamber to balance the higher pressure periodicallyproduced in said lower chamber, said last mentioned means comprising anintermediate vessel, a conduit communicating with said upper chamber and.extending downwardly and thence upwardly to communicate with saidintermediate vessel, a conduit communicating with said intermediatechamber and extending downwardly and thence upwardly to communicate withsaid lower chamber, and a conduit communicating with said intermediatevessel and with said upper chamber above the level of the liquidcontained therein. 5

36; In a refrlgerating apparatus, an upper chamber for containing a bodyof liquid, a

lower chamber, means for periodically producing a higher pressure insaid lower chamber than in said upper chamber, and means 1 forconducting liquid by gravity flow from said upper chamber to said lowerchamber during periods of pressure equalization and for periodicallyforming a column of liquid extending above the level of the liquid insaid upper chamber to balance the higher pressure periodically producedin said lower chamber, said last mentioned means comprising anintermediate vessel, a conduit communicating with said upper chamber andextending downwardly and thence upwardly to communicate with saidintermediate vessel, a conduit communicating with said interme diatechamber and extending downwardly and thence upwardly to communicate withsaid lower chamber, both of the two last mentioned conduits being whollybelow the level of the liquid in said upper chamber, and a conduitcommunicating withsaid .intermediate vessel and extending upwardly to apoint above the level of the liquid in said Y upper chamber.

37. In a refrigerating apparatus, an upper chamber for containing a bodyof liquid, a lower chamber, means forperiodically pro-" ducing a higherpressure in said lower chamber than in said upper chamber, and means forconducting liquid by. gravity 'fiow from said upper chamber to saidlower chamber during periods of pressure equalization and forperiodically forming a column of liquid extending above the level of theliquid in said I upper chamber to balance the higher pressureperiodically produced in said lower chamber,

said last mentioned means comprising an intel-mediate" vessel, a conduitcommunicating with said upper chamber and extending downwardly andthence upwardly to communicate with said intermediate vessel, a

conduit communicating with. said intermediate chamber andextendingdownwardlyand thence upwardly to communicate with sald lowerchamber, both of the two last mentioned conduits being wholly below thelevel of the liquid in said upper chamber, and a conduit communicatingwithsaid intermediate vessel and with said upperchamber i above thelevel of the liquid contained therein.

' In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature. CARL GEQRGMUNTERS.

